• Don't want to see ads? Install an adblocker like uBlock Origin or use a Europe-based privacy-friendly browser like Vivaldi or Mullvad.

Albanian substrate in Slavic Carpathia

ҐЕРҐАЧЬКА/GERGAČʹKA, ГАРГАЧКА/HARHAČKAThroat, larynx. Example: "When Grandfather gets his mercy (she smiled maliciously to herself, imagining the young, handsome Didušyts'kyi, who in her eyes was now the most terrifying and most formidable), she will cut his throat, like a turkey's harhačku (B. Zahorul'ko. Čornohora, bk. 2, 188)."

заткати ґерґачьку/zatkaty gergačʹku - To forcefully shut up (literally, to plug the throat)
Example: "You should have shame, old woman, you should once, and shut your gergáč'ku with that portion of vodka, so you wouldn't bleat."		grykë - front part of the neck: throat. From Proto-Albanian *grīwīkā
ҐЛЕДЖІНИЙ/GLEDŽINYJWhich is made by fermenting the contents of the stomach of a young calfngjiz - (Dairy) to create a clotted product: make [a curdled dairy product (cheese, yogurt)], clot [blood] from proto-alb en-glitja
gjizë - cheese curd; unsalted cottage cheese, pot cheese
ҐЛЄДЖИТИ/GLJEDŽYTY, ҐЛЄДЖІТИ/GLJEDŽITY, ҐЛЬИДЖИ-ТИ/GLʹYDŽY-TYMaking cheese using gleg – the stomach contents of a young calf, which is used to ferment milk.
ngjiz - (Dairy) to create a clotted product: make [a curdled dairy product (cheese, yogurt)], clot [blood] from earlier en-gjiris. The root meaning seems like guess work, its likely more coherently related to gjit/gjis = to stick and a derivative of proto-alb en-gleita
gjizë - cheese curd; unsalted cottage cheese, pot cheese
ЗАҐЛЄДЖІТИ/ZAGLJEDŽITYto ferment milk into cheese using a gljegungjiz - (Dairy) to create a clotted product: make [a curdled dairy product (cheese, yogurt)], clot [blood] from earlier en-gjiris. The root meaning seems like guess work, its likely more coherently related to gjit/gjis = to stick and a derivative of proto-alb en-gleita
gjizë - cheese curd; unsalted cottage cheese, pot cheese
ЗАҐЛЄДЖІНИЙ/ZAGLJEDŽINYJfermented with gljegungjiz - (Dairy) to create a clotted product: make [a curdled dairy product (cheese, yogurt)], clot [blood] from earlier en-gjiris. The root meaning seems like guess work, its likely more coherently related to gjit/gjis = to stick and a derivative of proto-alb en-gleita
gjizë - cheese curd; unsalted cottage cheese, pot cheese
ҐЛИҐАТИ/GLYGATY, gł'yg'aty, głygnutyswallow, gulpgllabëron(gllab+ëron) - 1) to swallow [ ] greedily: devour, gobble [ ] up, gulp [ ] down, drink [ ] down in one gulp 2) to engulf
 
Last edited:
Gergacka is a perfect example how the word can exists in two form, one with a g and one where the g has shifted to h, as is very common in Ukranian. Also a nice find, that differs from Slavic gorla.
 
ҐОҐОДЗИ/GOGODZY, ҐОҐОЗИ/GOGOZY, ГОГОДЗИ/HOHODZY, ГОГОЗИ /HOHOZY1) Semi-shrubby evergreen plant; lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea) 2) Berries of this plantgogël - 1) hard globular seed or cone of a tree: acorn, cone 2) dark hair dye extracted from acorns/cones 3) small round object: ball of cheese, meatball, abacus bead, berry
ДАРАБАНІТИ/DARABANITYTo lose mobility, to stand still, to become numb.trapa - raft; pontoon raft used as a ferry.
trapar - bargeman, raftsman
ДАРАБАШ/DARABAŠraftsman, floatertrapar - bargeman, raftsman
ДЕЖШЕ/DEŽŠEMore. Example: And she ordered the surrounding forests to make a quiet noise, so that they would not dežše(want) to disturb the village, so that they would caress it, take away the pain from its heart (Marko Cheremshyna. The Village Suffers, vol. 1, 123).deshe - wanted/will/desire, in the Hutsul example this mean to not willingly/desiring to disturb the village
ДЕРИЛИЦЯ/DERYLYCJAsomeone who is a loudmouth ; constantly swears, quarrels with someone, expresses his displeasure by shouting.
Example: "Oh! What else?! – growled Prodan. – You probably wanted me to study to be a priest?” “Not a priest, but a deacon”! – “A beggar, a derylycju, a priest’s servant!” – growled Prodan. – Come on, you don’t have anything to feed me, what kind of church babblers do you want!” (M. Pavlyk. Vykhora, 219)."		derr - 1) (Zool) pig, hog, swine (Sus scrofa)2) [Fig Colloq Pej] person with any or all of the following qualities: fat, dirty, stubborn, stupid, corrupt
 
Last edited:
Gogozy is another example how the word can exists in two forms, one with h and one with g. And nice cognate to Albanian gogël.
 
НАДЮНДЮЖИТИ СЯ /NADJUNDJUŽYTY SJATo remove one's arrogant, boastful appearance. Example: "But who there has so na-djundjužyv and walks like an old crane? (Yu. Fedkovich. Dovbush, or the Thunder Axe and the Witch Doctor's Cross, 383)."gjunjëzohet - 1) to kneel, kneel down, fall to one's knees; genuflect 2) [Fig] to prostrate oneself, submit, bow down gjunjëzon - to bring/force [ ] to [ ]'s knees

ДЖЕНДЖЕРИСТИЙ/DŽENDŽERYSTYJ		Proud, haughty, boastful.gji/gjinj gjerë - broad-chested----->puffing ones chest?
ДЖІГА/DŽIHAA hook with which a tree is pulled up on the water.gjit -1) to attach; affix 2) to attach/stick [ ] together: bond, weld angjin(Arberesh) - “hook” most likely an earlier construction of ën-gjin/ën-gjit
ДЖЙуГАТИ/DŽJUHATY, ДЖЙуҐАТИ/DŽJUGATY, ДЙуГАТИ/ DJUHATY, ДЙуҐАТИ/DJUGATYTo p-rick, to stab someone, something with short sharp movements.gjuhet - to hit/strike one another
gjuaj - to impel an aimed projectile: shoot, throw
джюґати словом/džjugaty slovomdžjugaty with a word - to annoy someone, annoying with remarks, remarks.gjuhet me fjalë - to taunt one another
ДЖЮРДЖЯ/DŽJURDŽJAjty na džjurdžju/to go on a džjurdžju -To act contrary to someone; to do the opposite of what is asked; to be contrary, perverse, or defiant. Examples: "He goes 'on the džjurdžju' with me his entire life. He always does things inside-out and opposite to me, as if he were doing them backward.(P. Šekeryk-Donykiv. Dido Yvančik, 193)" "Between them there was almost never a kind word, any conversation. The two of them were always going 'on the džjurdžju with each other (P. Shekeryk-Donykov. Grandpa Ivanchik,gjurgjak - cantankerous(bad-tempered, argumentative, and uncooperative), testy (easily irritated; impatient and somewhat bad-tempered)
ДЗЕМБРОНЯ-ГЛУХОМАНЬ/ DZEMBRONJA-HLUXOMANʹwilderness, slum, dense forest, remote wildernessgjemb - 1) thorn; barb; sharp spine; prickle, bristle; splinter 2) bramble, bramblebush 3) person who sticks to you and is a nuisance: pest
gjembishte - brier patch, bramble thicket
gjëmushkë - thicket
дзімброні/dzimbroni джємори/džjemorythicket, wilderness; rock, cliff, thickets, undergrowthgjemb - 1) thorn; barb; sharp spine; prickle, bristle; splinter 2) bramble, bramblebush 3) person who sticks to you and is a nuisance: pest
gjembishte - brier patch, bramble thicket
gjëmushkë - thicket
 
Last edited:
This is one the most packed section ever, implications are huge.

1) dzemronja and its derivatives makes it without a doubt that the dzj and dz sounds correspond to Albanian gj, especially gheg pronunciation of gj.
2) These words cannot be explained with Slavic, they are alien structurally and in pronunciation.
3) Multiple words that are build on body parts, knee, chest and blood
4) The entry for dzjuhaty(in previous dictionary recorded as gluhaty), has an sub-entry for a Hutsul phrase: džjugaty slovom - džjugaty with a word - to annoy someone, annoying with remarks, remarks. The albanian dictionary of Duke University, literally has the same phrase under Albanian gjuhet:
fWSjf98.png
CzJqV5O.png



This section truly packs a punch. My favorite is na-djundjužyv, such a clever and skillfull use of ancient Albanian, truly incredible.
 
Last edited:
ДЗЄВКАТИ/DZJEVKATYTalk, chat, often implying idle, unnecessary, or loud talkgjevalltit - to gossip about [ ], slander
джєвлюга/džjevljuhascoundrel, roguegjevalltis - to gossip about [ ], slander
ДЗЄМА/DZJEMA, ДЗЯМА/DZJAMA1) A liquid dish; soup. 2) Something liquid, reminiscent of soup.gjër - soup gjellë - dish, usually liquid
ДЗИФАЮЧІ/DZYFAJUČIhard climbgjyfqen - to get tired, get worn out by exertion
ДИЖМА/DYŽMA1) Profit, benefit. 2) Percentage, increase, increase. Example: "And for the wrong we will ask / From the evil brothers. / From the dyžmov they will return to us / Our blood that was spilled (Yu. Fed’kovich. From the scraps, 126)."dyzon - to double [ ] in size/amount
РОЗДЄПИТИ/ROZDJEPYTYTo open wide(UKR)roz -over + ALB gjerë - wide, broad
ДОРНЬЇНКА/DORNʹJINKAA type of axe with a long handle for felling large trees (the Hutsuls brought them from Dorna-Vatra).dorëz - 1) glove 2) handle, haft 3) handful 4) pestle 5) sheaf dorë - 1) hand 2) arm
 
Last edited:
ЄЙ-БО/JEJ-BOUsed to confirm the authenticity of the statement; really, in fact. Example: "Ady (There/look), jej-bo, grandfather from above!.. It's hard for me!.. Come out, borscht!.. (O. Kundzich. Verkhovynets, 282)."po - 1) affirmative particle: yes; indeed 2) [Colloq] (in questions) confirmative tag: is that right? 3) confirmative identifier: exactly, precisely, the very 4) indicates momentaneous action: be {verb}ing
ОЙ-БО Й/OJ-BO JUsed to confirm something, to assure of something.po - 1) affirmative particle: yes; indeed 2) [Colloq] (in questions) confirmative tag: is that right? 3) confirmative identifier: exactly, precisely, the very 4) indicates momentaneous action: be {verb}ing
aйбо/ajboButpo/por - but
АЯ/AJAparticiple, which is used to confirm, less often to deny someone's opinion;
yes, indeed; no.		jo - no, not
ЙО/JOparticle. Used for affirmation(yes) or negation(no). Example: "And because you, Oksanka, are acting so smart, today you have to carry the wood and water into the house yourself, and with mom, or maybe you'll just go and hide. Oskana responds: "Jo, enough. You've gone too far. You're not my father. When you have your own kids, you can tell them what to do."jo - no, not
АКЄК/AKJEKIt seems; probably; surely.aq - so much, so, to a certain degree. *From proto-Alb akja
 
Last edited:
This section is another very interesting one. Goroh has jej-bo in its entry, likely as it aslo extends to neighboring boykos, their conclusion is the etymology is uncertain, they offer a possibility that it might be related to the word bog(god) and its a way of swearing upon god something is true. They clearly note this is their best guess and they are not sure.

Albanian on the other hand not only matches the use and form quite well, but even the secondary deviation word - but - also perfectly matches Albanian. Even more beautiful is the use of jo which is mostly used to mean yes, but an more archaic use that means no lingers on. Thanks to Petro Gavuka's dictionary another crucial piece of evidence now fills the gaps.
 
ЖБИХАТИ/ŽBYXATYTo spurt (about a liquid).zbon - to force [ ] out/away: expel, evict, deport; chase [ ] away/out, rout; get rid of [ ], dispel
ЖЕНТИЦЯ/ŽENTYCJA, ЖИНТИЦЯ/ŽYNTYCJAWhey, which is released during the production of cheese.zë/zër/zëntë - 1) to become fastened: stick 2) to take hold; catch; dig in; catch fire 3) to sprout 4) to cause [ ] to congeal, To reach the intended fermentation state: congeal, set; (of dough) rise. From Old Albanian zan, from Proto-Albanian *džeina
ЖЕНУВАТИ/ŽENUVATYTo hinder, to be an obstacle to someone. Example: "Popadya no longer ženuvala them, and they talked about everything in her presence, so that Marusya had to run away somewhere far away and sit there until night fell, until the opryshok whistled, calling Marusya to the dirty den (G. Khotkevych. Kaminna dusha, 252)."zën/zihet - to have significance: count, to hold
ЖИЖЖЯ/ŽYŽŽJAThose who feel hunger are constantly hungry, starvelings, hungry masses, the starving.
Example: "They should also let those berries ripen a little, so that they might fully mature, and not, like žyžžja gather them while they're still green. (L.-P. Strynadjuk. U nas, huculiv, 141)."		zi - 1) black 2) dark 3) [Fig] miserable, wretched 4) [Fig] bringing misfortune, fatal, bad. Reconstructed as Proto-Albanian *dᶻu̯édᶻā (“black”)
zi - 1) grief; period of mourning 2) something black worn as symbol of mourning: mourning clothes, black ribbon 3) [Fig] hard times; shortages (of food)
zezë - 1) black (the color); black dye 2) [Fig] grievous misfortune; terrible suffering; bad thing
zezonë - terrible misfortune, calamity; catastrophic destruction; misery, ruin
ЗАБИРАНИЙ/ZABYRANYJPatterned, woven with a pattern.bërë - 1) ripe, finished, done, made 2) [Colloq] crafted; artificial, synthetic; ready-made
ЗАБОМБУРЕНИЙ/ZABOMBURENYJFrowning, gloomy.bumbehet - to swell, swell up bumbos - to stifle, suffocate
бумборосити/bumborosytyto talk to oneselfbrambullin - 1) [Fig] to make a lot of noise 2) [Pej fig] to chatter, chatter away
bumbullak - humming, buzzing
 
ŽENTYCJA also exists in Romanian as jintiţă, which has no known etymology. Words such as these that are spread to other Carpathian dialects are wrongly assigned to Romanian. The Hutsul dialect has a secondary variant of the same root word ŽEN-UVATY, which can only be explained through Albanian sealing the connection and ruling out Romanian as primary source, Romanian in fact is just a borrower like the various Carpathian Slavic speeches from a extinct Dacian language which still survives in substrate form most strongly in the Hutsul speech.
 
Here I will invoke a older posts, because additional words of the same root further support a Albanoid interpretation but also make it impossible for an alternative as the semantic shifts almost mirrors Albanian all the way.


виднишє/vydnyšjea barren place where the haystack stoodvend - 1) place; location 2) populace of a place 3) country; home ground, home country; local area 4) sufficient space: room 5) seat 6) position, job 7) appropriate place/time: right place vendosje/vendoset - to take up residence: settle
виднище/vydnyščebase of the moundvend - 1) place; location 2) populace of a place 3) country; home ground, home country; local area 4) sufficient space: room 5) seat 6) position, job 7) appropriate place/time: right place
Виднишєта/vidnyshetaworthless peoplevend - 1) place; location 2) populace of a place 3) country; home ground, home country; local area 4) sufficient space: room 5) seat 6) position, job 7) appropriate place/time: right place vendës - long-established (resident), native/aboriginal/local (inhabitant).
vendali - native, local resident, native inhabitant. In this example, vidnysheta, likely means vend i shitur - sellouts, unreliable people.
сшедити/sšedytyto betrayshet - 1) to sell 2) [Pej] to sell out [ ]: betray. shitur - 1) sold 2) mercenary, lackey
вунда/vundadesire, wishvendos - to be determinative, make the decisions: decide
ЗАВЕДІНКА/ZAVEDINKATradition; accepted way.
Example: "He knows that his wife is completely sincere with him, he knows it without words, because soul hears soul, heart gives news to heart, but that isn't spoken in words—such a thing isn't the za-vedinci way"
(О. Кундзіч. Верховинець, 220).		 vendçe - in the manner of the local natives .
ПОВЕДІНКА/POVEDINKAтака вже поведінка/taka vže povedinka - Such is the behavior – about the custom of something; custom. Example: "Ilash sits opposite Kalyna, I sat my Vasyl opposite Mariya, and I myself went to help my brother; because my brother, you know, was not supposed to sit at the table, but to look after the guests, – such is the po-vedinka with us, you see."vendçe - in the manner of the local natives
НАВОДНО/NAVODNOOn a permanent basis. Example: "We already figured it out, Myron, – interrupts the Petro, who came last. – And why did he come: to visit or na-vodno? What does he want? (V. Shkurgan. Paper Boat, 222).vend - 1) place; location 5) seat vendës - long-established (resident), native/aboriginal/local (inhabitant)
vendohet - to settle somewhere; settle in
vendos - 1) to place; set; put 2) to install; establish
 
The words from previous sections were combined with newer ones to show a good clear example of substratum polysemy which is quite common in the Hutsul dialect. Another interesting fact is there is a lookalike Russian-Ukranian-Belarussion word that means individual behavior, conduct, establishment, rule(half of these meanings are jurisdiction related): заве́дення/zavédennja, however the word does not exists in other slavic languages, it differs from Hutsul version which is centered around tradition, local custom, permanent settlement, or local identity. But even more importantly Russian zavédennja is clearly a academic neosemantism, a modern academic coinage from the tsarists period, making it highly unlikely the Hutsul borrowed it and turned around to use it in a meaning that matches other Albanoid words of the same root. It's simply pseudo-science and desperation to even propose such a route.

I included the literature example which make it beyond doubt vedinka/vedinci mean local custom/tradition:
Ilash sits opposite Kalyna, I sat my Vasyl opposite Mariya, and I myself went to help my brother; because my brother, you know, was not supposed to sit at the table, but to look after the guests, – such is the po-vedinka with us, you see
Click to expand...

Even more convincing is na-vodno, which Ukranian authors simply trasnalte it ona permanent basis, but when you read the Hutsul example, it's clearly a clever/mocking use of Albanian vendohet as the hosts have a unwated guest in the house and are wondering when the guest will leave, or is he trying to vendo-het/vendo-set in their house.
 
Last edited:
ЗАДУФАЛІСТЬ/ZADUFALISTʹarrogance, bombast.
Example: "And these really tormented Prodan: a freighter, a corporal, an officer, a captain, taunted and beat him... The general himself once came running on horseback and shouted, and all the elders chanted in one voice, began to complain about Prodan's ignorance, resistance, and za-dufalistʹ (M. Pavlyk. Vykhora, 209)."		duf - 1) great anger, rage: huff 2) [Old] breath, vapor, atmosphere, spirit.
ЗАРИНДЗУВАТИ/ZARYNDZUVATYTo ferment milk with the help of a rinza for making cheese.rrëndës - rennet. rrëndos - (Dairy) to add rennet to [milk] (to make cheese)
ЗАХАЛАНДРАҐАТИ/ZAXALANDRAGATYTo speak indistinctly, to have trouble speaking. Example: "And he, you know, stood up, looked at me and waved his hands so hard za-xalandragav that I stepped back a little from him (O. Manchuk. Frantzuk, 35)."andralloset - 1) to be drowned in trouble; have one's mind set spinning with problems 2) to get dizzy, be dazed, be out of one's mind
ЗАХАРАМАРКАТИ/ZAXARAMARKATYTo befuddle, to confuse, to muddle someone's head; to deliberately make something unclear or complicatedharraman - forgetful harruar - 1) forgotten 2) involved in something to the point of losing track of everything else: totally absorbed, in deep thought, preoccupied, absentminded, bemused 3) [Colloq] in one's dotage: senile, dotty.
ЗАШЕПЕТИНКА/ZAŠEPETYNKAa hollow, basinshupkë - fruit without flesh inside: empty fruit, hollow nut
ЗБІГТИ/ZBIHTYTo be born prematurely (about a child)zbim - expulsion, eviction, deportation zbon - to force [ ] out/away: expel, evict, deport; chase [ ] away/out, rout; get rid of [ ], dispel
 
I am not good on linguistics part but zbihty looks far more potentially connected to i zbehte

Kuptimi i fjalës Zbehtë ‹ FJALË

Ç'do të thotë fjala: zbehtë? Mëso kuptimin e fjalës 'zbehtë' të ilustruar me shembuj, sinonime e shprehje frazeologjike.
fjale.al fjale.al

Which means in Alb. weak, kinda similar to prematurely looking in a way.
 
Hawk said:
I am not good on linguistics part but zbihty looks far more potentially connected to i zbehte

Kuptimi i fjalës Zbehtë ‹ FJALË

Ç'do të thotë fjala: zbehtë? Mëso kuptimin e fjalës 'zbehtë' të ilustruar me shembuj, sinonime e shprehje frazeologjike.
fjale.al fjale.al

Which means in Alb. weak, kinda similar to prematurely looking in a way.
Click to expand...

In form zbeh-te is definitely closer. Also there is no Slavic explanation for the Hutsul word, AI is really good at finding alternatives.

Interesting for the word duf, AI pulled a Hungarian word düh which has identical meaning to Albanian - fury, rage, wrath, temper, ire, anger. The Hungarian word has no known etymology, this is quite a repetitive pattern. Some of these words exists in Hungarian with unknown etymology, Albanian was never considered as a possible source because Albanian was disregarded as being connected to Daco-Thracian. And the unspoken academic stigma and special status "Illyrian" theory held despite having no merit and legs behind it.
 
Last edited:
ЗБУРІВНИК/ZBURIVNYKMedicinal plant, potion used to treat tripe (Sichorium intybus).zburth - (Bot) sowbread (Cyclamen neapolitanum)
zburgjës - kind of narcissus (Narcissus tazetta)
ЗУДАЛАТИ/ZUDALATY, ЗУДАЛУВАТИ/ZUDALUVATYto be able, to have capacity. To manage to do, to succeed in doing
Examples: "Crimea these songs, he sang cheerful, curly songs so richly that even the scribes would not zu-dalaly to transcribe them on paper(P. Shekeryk-Donykiv. Grandfather Ivanchik, 33)." "Birshe sat in the hut behind the chimney on the stove, because due to old age we could not zu-daluvav to hunt animals in such winters (P. Shekeryk-Donykiv. Grandpa Ivanchik, 99)."		del/dal - 3) to come out as a result; eventuate as 9) to protrude beyond a normal limit: jut/stick/pop out; curve outward: bulge 10) to pass beyond a usual limit: escape, burst through, leave the track/road, exceed, overflow 18) to be successful, come out well 19) to succeed in becoming 21) to become reality: prove to be, turn out to be; come true, come through t'ja dalë - to succeed
ja del - suitable, doable.
ИЗФУШКОТІТИ/YZFUŠKOTITYhissfishkëllej - 1) to whistle 2) to hiss
ИНЦИНАТИЙ/YNCYNATYJfierce, cruel, bitter, or severecys - 1) to poke; poke at [ ] 2) [Fig] to provoke, disturb 3) [Fig] to get [ ] worked up, agitate
ІНКЛЮЗ/INKLJUZ, ИНКЛЮЗ/YNKLJUZ, НИКЛЮЗ/NYKLJUZ1) The devil; an evil force. 2) About a false, insincere, hypocritical, treacherous person.këlysh - 1) young offspring of a quadruped mammal, baby animal: pup, cub, kitten, colt 2) [Fig Pej] child of despicable parents. 3) henchman
КАЛЮШИТИ/KALJUŠYTYKill, destroykallis - to insert, to thrust, to place, to incite, to set on fire
КАЛЮШНИК/KALJUŠNYKMurdererkall - 1) to stick [ ] in/inside 2) to incite, provoke; induce 3) [Fig] to deceive, trick 4) [Reg] to light, ignite
 
In previous sections there were other Hutsul words whose form and definition match Albanian del/dal, just like the example with Albanian vend the root word has various semantic shifts in meaning that parallel Albanian range of ability, result, appearance, and time is highly characteristic of the polysemous nature of the Albanian dal/del verb.

The same applies to the root word kall, it's extremely unlikely this is pure chance, and as more such examples get pointed out it's simply impossible. It's also becomes obvious that these words cannot be borrowings as their meaning would be more restricted in a single aspect and not experience parallel evolution that mirrors the cognate usage in Albanian, this strongly suggests the Hutsuls are former Dacian speakers and Albanian itself is Daco-Thracian.

Also interesting is the word format in-kljuz/yn-kljuz and yn-cyn-atyj, a Albanoid prefix comparable to early Albanian en, still frozen in the Hutsul word. Ouchie!

делі/deliapparently, probablydel - 21) to become reality: prove to be, turn out to be; come true, come through 22) to suffice
делінь/delinʹsoon, shortly, bydel - 3) to come out as a result; eventuate as 4) to make an appearance: appear; emerge; come up, show up, rise, arise 12) to come to an end, finish, be over; get out
кальман/kalʹman, кайман/kajmanthe person responsible for maintaining the fire in the sheepfold or woodcutter's hutkall - to light, ignite.
kallet - to catch/start fire
закєласи/za-kjelasymisfirekall - 1) to stick [ ] in/inside 2) to incite, provoke; induce 3) [Fig] to deceive, trick 4) [Reg] to light, ignite
 
Last edited:
КЕЧУЛА/KEČULAA pointed-topped men's smoosh hat.kaçule - 1) hood of a cloak or raincoat 2) pointed wool cap typically worn by children
kësulë - 1) brimless cap, skullcap 3) (Spec) object shaped like a skullcap: dome
КЄГАТИСИ/KJEHATYSY(contempt.) To have a romantic relationship with someone.qihet - to have sex/intercourse
qij/qin/kiej/kij - to f-uck/copulate
КІЧЄТИСИ/KIČJETYSY, КІЧИТИСЯ/KIČYTYSJA, КІЧНИЙ/KIČNYJto mate, to mate (about animals)qij/qin/kiej/kij - to f-uck/copulate
КЄЛАВИЙ/KJELAVYJClumsy, slow; ill-mannered.kalaveshas - with great difficulty
КЛАМ/KLAMhardship, hopelessness, difficulties have come.qamë - 1) sobbing voice: crying, sob 2) complaint. qam is a derivate of qaj which comes from proto-Alb klaunja. In earlier Albanian qam would be klam.
КЛЕНЦИ/KLENCYTeeth (derogatory) - "gnashers" or "choppers"shqyej - 1) to tear [ ] off/up/apart; rip, shred, tear; dismember 2) to open [ ] wide. maybe the reconstruction should be from a proto-alb sh-klyej/sh-klyen, with sh- being an intensifier, which existed in proto-Albanian as seen in words like shkrep.
КЛЕНЦУВАТИ/KLENCUVATYTo be handcuffed and led under escort. Example: "The women were startled. – Don’t rejoice, Mytryk, at someone else’s wrong, for a sad hour is coming for all of us. <…> – It’s not me who says it, but the soldiers klencuvaly who say it, the priest excused himself with shame and corrected his behavior (Marko Cheremshyna. Pomennyk, vol. 1, 136)."shqyej - 1) to tear [ ] off/up/apart; rip, shred, tear; dismember 2) to open [ ] wide. Comes from a earlier shklyej. Same explanation as above, the Hutsul word explains the root word which has gone extinct in Albanian.
 
Last edited:
I have also reviewed a new dictionary that was published this summer, words from it will be shared later but a few will be introduced now since they are relevant to the post above.
шкамутки/škamutkyscraps, rags, splinters, chips, small piecesshqym/shkym - 1) to tear, rip, rend 2) to extinguish, destroy
скамузь/skamuzʹsmall pieces of something shatteredshqym/shkym - 1) to tear, rip, rend 2) to extinguish, destroy
склимацувати/sklymacuvaty1) to crumple, to crush 2) to twist, to wringshqym/shkym - 1) to tear, rip, rend 2) to extinguish, destroy
shqyej/shqyen - 1) to tear [ ] off/up/apart; rip, shred, tear; dismember 2) to open [ ] wide


sklymac-uvaty is either related to shkym most likely or to shqyen/shkyen from more archaic shklyen. The only thing to point out is shkym is reconstructed as skumba, in proto-Alb, maybe it should be sklumba, the L right after the k would have prevented sk from shifting to h like it did for the word humb and hunde(nose).
 
Last edited:
You must log in or register to reply here.
Back
Top