Tautalus
Regular Member
- Messages
- 562
- Reaction score
- 1,435
- Points
- 93
- Ethnic group
- Portuguese
- Y-DNA haplogroup
- I2-M223 / I-FTB15368
- mtDNA haplogroup
- H6a1b2y
SUMMARY
a) PCA of genetic variability of POG (Priory Orchard site in Godalming) individuals onto the principal component space defined by a reference panel of present-day individuals
b) PCA with coeval individuals from Saxon, Viking, Early Medieval, and Late Antiquity groups across regions around the North Sea
c) Ancestry model-based clustering (K=4) analysis of an extended cohort including 1,634 individuals and a subset of roughly contemporaneous individuals
ADMIXTURE results of 16 individuals from the periods Pre-Norman Conquest and Post-Norman Conquest
Haplogroups
The Norman Conquest of 1066 CE reshaped the political and cultural landscape of England, yet its demographic consequences remain poorly understood, particularly outside elite and urban contexts where historical evidence is concentrated. Here, we investigate the population history of a rural English community spanning the Conquest using genome-wide ancient DNA from the Priory Orchard site, a cemetery in Godalming (Surrey) in use between the 9th and early 13th centuries CE. We generated genomic data from 78 individuals and established radiocarbon dates for 98 individuals from the site. Population genetic analyses place Priory Orchard individuals within the genetic continuum of early medieval populations from the North Sea region. Ancestry modelling indicates that this rural community carried substantial Scandinavian/Viking-related ancestry alongside a persistent Saxon-related component and a smaller French-related contribution. However, stratifying individuals by date, before and after 1066 CE, reveals no clear genome-wide discontinuity across the Conquest horizon, suggesting demographic continuity through this crucial political and social transition. This pattern is consistent with historical and archaeological evidence indicating that many of the most visible transformations following the Conquest occurred primarily among the elite. Our results provide the first genomic perspective on communities living through the Norman Conquest and indicate that rural southern England saw persistent migration links with other areas facing the North Sea rather than abrupt population replacement.
a) PCA of genetic variability of POG (Priory Orchard site in Godalming) individuals onto the principal component space defined by a reference panel of present-day individuals
b) PCA with coeval individuals from Saxon, Viking, Early Medieval, and Late Antiquity groups across regions around the North Sea
c) Ancestry model-based clustering (K=4) analysis of an extended cohort including 1,634 individuals and a subset of roughly contemporaneous individuals
ADMIXTURE results of 16 individuals from the periods Pre-Norman Conquest and Post-Norman Conquest
Haplogroups
| Skeletal ID | Osteo Sex | Sex | Ychr Hg | mt Hg |
| POG14-1023 | M | M? | R-M269* | H1c1 |
| POG14-1027 | M | - | H1an | |
| POG14-1033 | M | M | R-CTS11019 | H6a1b4 |
| POG14-1036 | M? | M? | R-L23* | H2a2 |
| POG14-1038 | M | - | K1a4a1e* | |
| POG14-1041 | - | M | I-Y7219* | H6a1a |
| POG14-1050 | M? | - | H1c13 | |
| POG14-1052 | - | - | U5a1a2b | |
| POG14-1059 | F | F | K1e | |
| POG14-1069 | F | F | H1a | |
| POG14-1070 | F? | - | H | |
| POG14-1078 | - | F | H1c1 | |
| POG14-1079 | M | M | I1* | T2b5 |
| POG15-3007 | M | - | H3+152 | |
| POG15-3011 | M | M | R-Y179346* | H1a |
| POG15-3033 | M | M | R-L23* | X2c1a |
| POG15-3035 | - | - | T2b9 | |
| POG15-3041 | F? | F | U5a2a1d | |
| POG15-3048 | - | - | T2b5a1 | |
| POG15-3053 | F? | F | V | |
| POG15-3058 | - | - | U5b2b4a | |
| POG15-3065 | M | M | R-YP356* | K2a |
| POG15-3069 | F | F | H1c13 | |
| POG15-3102 | F? | - | H53 | |
| POG15-3107 | F? | F | T1a1 | |
| POG15-3108 | M | M | - | H1c13 |
| POG15-3127 | - | - | H1c1a | |
| POG15-3133 | F | F | T2e1a1b | |
| POG15-3136 | F | F | H6a1a | |
| POG15-3146 | F | F | H1ai1 | |
| POG15-3148 | M | M | R-Y30815* | H1c1 |
| POG15-3160 | F? | F | H1be | |
| POG15-3165 | F | F | H1c+152 | |
| POG15-3170 | F? | - | W3a1 | |
| POG15-3176 | M? | M | R-Z30* | H1ai1 |
| POG15-3179 | M? | M | R-M269* | I4a |
| POG15-3193 | M | M | R1a* | T2b5a1 |
| POG15-3199 | M | M | R-Y11145* | K1a |
| POG15-3215 | M | F | J2a1a1a2 | |
| POG15-3221 | F | F | U4a2 | |
| POG15-3228 | F | F | H | |
| POG15-3229 | F | F | H2a | |
| POG15-3232 | F | F | U4a2 | |
| POG15-3248 | F | F | H45b | |
| POG15-3249 | M | M | I-Y3672* | K1a4a1a+195 |
| POG15-3258 | M | M | - | H1g1 |
| POG15-3262 | M | - | H6a1a | |
| POG15-3264 | F | - | U8 | |
| POG15-3275 | - | - | U5b2b3a1a | |
| POG15-3281 | M | - | K1b2b | |
| POG15-3328 | M | M | J-Y294088 | K1a |
| POG15-3331 | M | F? | H53 | |
| POG15-3334 | M | - | H5b | |
| POG15-3339 | F | F | H1c1 | |
| POG15-3340 | F? | F | T2e1a1b |
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