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The date of invasion is not always very clear some time is 1000BC. In this case,It 's around 2000BC and we are talking of Indo-Aryans invasion but the problem is who were these Indo-Aryans? To my understanding the Kurgan theory says that some nomad tribes came from Pontic-Steppe then went...

After the Kurgan theory rationale, the migration must have begun after 1000 BC, before there is no archeological sign of cultural regression. The RigVeda had been composed of course in a favorable period for India culture then before the regression. I am a layman in this domain but apparently...

I am not a specialist of India culture. But RigVeda apparently had been composed around 3500 years ago when the India culture was still flourishing. Do you say that the RigVeda were first composed in an unknown language and then written and translated in a Sanskrit long time after? Specialists...

I think It 's not easy to link a language to genetic based only on actual scarce data. But concerning the PIE origins, the Steppe scenario is already questionable and don't have easy answers to : 1 how does people from inland Steppe with no particular naval knowledge have replaced the langage...

I wonder if Indo-European language might come directly from Indus valley civilisation after all. Concerning Genetic hints , there are some basal R1b testers from Pakistan & India. May be Steppes people came to Indus Valley but I doubt they brought IE language with them. We have a recent...

Because The Indus culture had already their own language in this domain , they had an important maritime culture and important harbour like Lothal with docks 5 thousand years ago. We have no evidence at all that Steppe people had any naval experience. In other hand Indus valley culture show...

I am stunned how the maritime words like ship, boats navigation etc have commun roots with European languages. Ship is Nau in Sanskrit , Navis in Latin, Navire in French, Navigation in Sanskrit from नौगति naugathi. According to the Kurgan theory nomad IE tribes came by land from the Northern...

I3a mt-Hg was also found in Russia Yamnaya aDNA (3000 BC), It's also my Mt-Hg. I am rather interested in it's origins. It's pretty strange to have so many ancient DNA having this mt-Hg that is not so spread nowadays. Explanations? To my understanding, Haplogroup I is a descendant of N1...

Basque R1b belongs to R1b-L51 , it's not a basal R1b , R1b-L51 is found in Europe in early Bronze Age. I am not sure that the language diffusion is necessarly linked to an invasion of a military elite. Let 's take a known recent example like the english language. Following the Norman...

The Indo European langage may not be associated with any Y-DNA haplogroup so easily, because language is more likely maternal. It's more likely transmitted by mother because women took care of the children in the human family cell then it could be that IE is more linked to an Mt-haplogroup than...

This does not solve the fact that there is no R1b-L51 in the Steppes at all so far but only among early Bronze Age Bell Beakers in Western Europe. If R1b came from the Steppes in 4500 bp we should find this 6000 years old mutation R1b-L51 there, this is not the case so far then I doubt. I would...

Concerning the Yamnaya steppe scenario.Let 's note that Corded Ware people are so far mostly R1a and Yamnaya R1b. Furthermore, all R1b-L51 aDNA are in Western Europe in Bronze Age but nothing in Pontic Steppe. It's look like that the strange Yamnaya migration scenario had wheels, horses but...