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Here are some maps I created in Google using the coordinates in the Busby spreadsheet: England and Wales Scotland Even their sampling in Ireland isn't that great, absolutley no samples from NorthWest

It turns out that L459 is not equivalent to L21 but under it. A L459- result came in there today. Most of the major clades of L21 are L459+, potentially a major development.

In other news 85%+ of Irishmen are "Central Asian" -- given R1b probably arose in Central asia ;)

Z196 is the current ISOGG R-Tree (2011), long version: R1b1a2a1a1b2 http://www.isogg.org/tree/ISOGG_HapgrpR.html

Here's what Woulfe had to say in his 1923 book If you look at the 1901 census online there is 1724 Todd's in it. If you remove all non-catholic ones (say to remove Ulster plantation) you drop to 181 alot of whom are based within Ulster (9 counties). There were overy 228 Towey's in Mayo alone...

I've created a "draft" L21 tree earlier today. Mainly as I was interested in getting an overview of DF21 under L21. I've based it what's currently in isogg tree along with DF21 project, along with couple extras thrown in (Z253,z254,z255). It doesn't include all the L21 SNP's as there are quite a...

What's the surname? Well a number of key Irish families particuarly those with connections to the Ulaid (whom the province of Ulster are named after) are I2. These mostly belong to the Dál nAradi who are know in Irish history as having Cruithne descent. I2 in an Irish context has probably been...

It would be nice to see a map that showed all P312+ across Western Europe. It would obviously subsume the L21 and U152 maps as well as show all the P312*. Regarding R1a, from looking in the Ireland yDNA project on FTDNA (which I'm a coadmin) the 30 or so R1a people less then a handfull have...

Well that and L238 appears to cover a chunk of the P312* found in Scandinavia. From a geographical point of view the current situation (2011) looks like this: Z196 -- high levels in Iberia/Southern France U152 -- high levels in France/Italy/Switzerland etc. L21 -- Ireland and Britain, chunks of...

The is a new SNP above both L176.2 and M153 this is called Z196, so the new ordering would be: P312 -> Z196 -> M153 P312 -> Z196 -> L176.2

Well I also think it's probably easier to switch languages when they are closely related. When you think about 1800-1500 years ago "Goidelic" and "Brythonic" wouldn't have been hugely dissimiliar. Yes obviously there are the sound changes, but we are still talking about closely related...

Well from recent history we know that a language can collapse in little over 200 years. English in Ireland is a interesting example for the first 500 years it made next to no headway mainly as a native elite still existed. Once this had been destroyed by the end of the 17th century you saw...

the main areas for M222 in Scotland are in the Eastern Lowlands which were never "Gaelic speaking" they were Brythonic and then Anglic speaking. The area is the core of the "Scots" language. Likewise it's quite common over the border in North-east England. the Varience calculations tend to point...

The probelm though is there is no archaelgoical signs of mass movement from Ireland into Scotland during the early medieval period. The archaelogy is actually continuous from before the 4th century. Also the biggest subgrouping of L21 in Scotland appears to be the "Scots Modal" which is only...

I believe one of the reasons for L21 been "depressed" in North Wales is due to the high level of Haplogroup E in the area -- anywhere up to 40% in parts. There's been lots of claims of connections to Roman mining been the cause of that.

Indeed well as you can see it forms 4% in "East Ireland" however given that Eastern part of Ireland formed the bulk of the Norman colony it wouldn't be surprising if a lot of this is due to the last 1000 years of history, as oppose to earlier. What we really need when SNP testing is done is for...

East Ireland -- n=149 L11* (ex U106/P312): 1.3% U106: 6.7% P312 (ex L21/U152): 7.4% L21: 71.1% (M222 = 19.5%) U152: 4% Ireland East -- n=16 (too small!) L11* (ex U106/P312): --/-- U106: --/-- P312 (ex L21/U152): 18.8% L21: 56.3% (M222 = 25%) U152: --/--% North Ireland -- n=72 L11* (ex...

North Wales -- n=120 L11* (ex U106/P312): 0.8% U106: 9.2% P312 (ex L21/U152): 17.5% L21: 45% (M222 = 4.2%) U152: 7.5% South Wales -- n=9 (Way too small a sample!) L11* (ex U106/P312): --/-- U106: 22.2% P312 (ex L21/U152): 11.1% L21: 55.6% U152: --/-- North East Scotland -- n=67 L11*...

Central England -- n=165 L11* (ex U106/P312): 1.8% U106: 18.2% P312 (ex L21/U152): 15.2% L21: 16.4% U152: 9.7% England Central -- n=25 L11* (ex U106/P312): 12% U106: 24% P312 (ex L21/U152): 12% L21: 12% (M222 = 4%) U152: --/-- East England -- n=172 L11* (ex U106/P312): 1.7% U106...

Of course looking at the Busby/Myers data L21 is present in great numbers then U152 in all of their "sample regions" for England apart "England Southeast" where the two of them are equal at 15.4%, both are outnumbered by P312* (ex L21/U152) at 21.2% and U106 at 26.9% It would be interesting in...